显示页面修订记录反向链接回到顶部 本页面只读。您可以查看源文件，但不能更改它。如果您觉得这是系统错误，请联系管理员。 ====== China's American Football Leagues - 中国的美式足球联赛 ===== // Contributed by Alejandro Cáceres//\\ //February 16, 2019// //Edited and translated by Troy Liu//\\ // August 21, 2020// <span lo> This article was adapted from [[https://www.americanfootballinternational.com/the-evolution-of-american-football-in-china/ | The evolution of American Football in China]] published by [[https://www.americanfootballinternational.com/ | AFI Review]]. Alejandro Cáceres has been an active member in the development of American Football in China. He has been playing football with the Shanghai Nighthawks for the past 7 years and also played for the Tongji University Strikers in the Chinese College League. He hopes to one day to write a book regarding the development of American football both in China and his home country, Ecuador.\\ 本文改编自RFI Review的文章《中国美式足球的进化》。本文原作者Alejandro Cáceres一直是积极致力于美式足球在中国的发展。在过去的7年里，他一直是上海夜鹰队的一员，也曾在中国大学生联赛中为同济大学突袭者队效力。他希望有一天能写一本关于美式足球在中国和他的祖国厄瓜多尔发展的书。</span> \\ {{ :asc:china-2019-evolution-graph.jpg?600 | Historical Data: Adult Teams in China}} <span lo>CC-by-sc</span> <div group> <div half column> American football in China has been growing exponentially during the past eight years. This growth can be traced to its beginnings in 2011 when the first adult competition – The Founders Bowl – was played between the only two adult teams in China, and in the first month of 2019 or so there has been over three national championships played between over 50 adult teams across the main two leagues at this time, the CNFL and the City Bowl League. If we add the teams that participate at the college level (CUAFL), NFL Flag Football tournaments, and youth the numbers are approaching the 120-figure mark. </div> <div half column> 在过去的八年里，美式足球在中国的发展呈指数级增长。这种增长可以追溯到2011年中国仅有的两支成人球队之间的第一场成人比赛——创始人杯，而在2019年的第一个月左右，已经有超过三场全国冠军赛在50多支成人球队之间进行，横跨目前主要的两个联赛——华美橄榄球联赛和城市碗联赛。如果再加上参加大学级别的球队（CUAFL）、NFL旗帜足球赛和青少年的球队，数字已经接近120。 </div> </div> ==== CNFL - 华美橄榄球联盟 ==== {{ :asc:cnfl.jpg?400 | CNFL}} <span lo>Players from the Shanghai Warriors and Hangzhou Smilodons face off in the 2019 CNFL East regular-season game in Shanghai.\\ 在上海举行的2019赛季华美橄榄球联盟东区常规赛中，上海勇士队和杭州剑齿虎队球员正在对阵。\\ Xinhua</span> <div group> <div half column> {{ :asc:cnfl-logo.jpg?150 | The logo of CNFL}} {{:site:weibo.png?nolink&20|}} [[https://www.weibo.com/u/7201255967 | @CNFL华美橄榄球联盟]] |^ 年份\\ Year ^ 赛季冠军\\ Season champion ^ ^ 2013 | {{ :asc:cq.jpg?50 | The logo of Chongqing Dockers}} | 重庆码头工\\ Chongqing Dockers | ^ 2014 | {{ :asc:shnh.jpg?50 | The logo of Shanghai Nighthawks}} | 上海夜鹰\\ Shanghai Nighthawks | ^ 2015 | {{ :asc:shwa.jpg?50 | The logo of Shanghai Warriors}} | 上海勇士\\ Shanghai Warriors | ^ 2016 | {{ :asc:shtt.jpg?50 | The logo of Shanghai Titans}} | 上海泰坦\\ Shanghai Titans | ^ 2017 | {{ :asc:shwa.jpg?50 | The logo of Shanghai Warriors}} | 上海勇士\\ Shanghai Warriors | ^ 2018 | {{ :asc:shwa.jpg?50 | The logo of Shanghai Warriors}} | 上海勇士\\ Shanghai Warriors | ^ 2019 | {{ :asc:whbsk.jpg?50 | The logo of Wuhan Berserkers}} | 武汉巴萨卡\\ Wuhan Berserkers | <span lo>Resources - 数据来源：[[http://www.chinablitz100.com/cnflintro/ | ChinaBlitz]]</span> </div> <div half column> Founded in 2013 with 8 teams and 2 divisions, the CNFL has expanded to 20 teams and 4 divisions in their 2018 season. The CNFL is the strongest league in China at this time, having teams with some ex NCAA players, and local players that have been drafted for the Chinese Arena Football League on multiple occasions. The latest version of the CNFL final had the rematch between the Shanghai Warriors and the Shanghai Titans, having the Warriors come out with the victory in the 1st OT in CNFL Championship history, and their 3rd Championship in team’s history. During its 2018 season each team had an average of 4 regular-season games, and between 3 to 4 more games in order to reach the final. Out of the previous 6 finals, 5 of them have been between Shanghai teams, and only the 1st final had a team from outside that city, the Chongqing Dockers. 华美橄榄球联盟建立于2013年，当时有8只队伍和两个分支，而在2018赛季，已经扩张到了20支队伍和4个分支。华美橄榄球联盟是当今中国实力最强的联盟，其中一些队伍有来自美国全国大学生体育协会的选手，以及已多次被选为中国室内足球联赛选拔的本地球员。最新的总决赛是上海勇士队和上海泰坦队的复赛，上海勇士队在联赛历史上的第一个加时赛中取得胜利，也是他们队史上的第三个冠军。 在2018赛季，每支球队平均要打4场常规赛，还要打3到4场之间才能进入决赛。在此前的6次总决赛中，有5次是在上海队之间进行，只有第1次总决赛有来自该市以外的球队——重庆码头工队。 </div> </div> ==== City Bowl League - 城市碗联盟 ==== <div group> <div half column> {{ :asc:citybowl-logo.jpg?150 | The logo of City Bowl League}} {{:site:weibo.png?nolink&20|}} [[https://weibo.com/citybowl | @城市碗橄榄球赛事联盟]] |^ 年份\\ Year ^ 赛季冠军\\ Season champion ^ ^ 2015 | {{ :asc:bj.jpg?50 | The logo of Beijing Cyclones}} | 北京旋风\\ Beijing Cyclones | ^ 2016 | {{ :asc:bj.jpg?50 | The logo of Beijing Cyclones}} | 北京旋风\\ Beijing Cyclones | ^ 2017 | {{ :asc:shsc.jpg?50 | The logo of Shanghai Street Cats}} | 上海流浪猫\\ Shanghai Street Cats | ^ 2018 | {{ :asc:shnh.jpg?50 | The logo of Shanghai Nighthawks}} | 上海夜鹰\\ Shanghai Nighthawks | ^ 2019 | {{ :asc:nc.jpg?50 | The logo of Nanchang Gun Cavalry}} | 南昌枪骑兵\\ Nanchang Gun Cavalry | <span lo>Resources - 数据来源：[[http://www.chinablitz100.com/citybowlintro/ | ChinaBlitz]]</span> </div> <div half column> At this point the City Bowl is still the largest and most widely distributed league in China, having 33 teams at the beginning of the 2018 season. The main difference between the 2 adult leagues is that the City Bowl has a ranking approach similar to the NCAA, where teams are ranked based on the strength of their schedule. These schedules are set and coordinated between all the captains and general managers at the beginning of every year. In 2015, some of the teams that originally participated in the CNFL decided to re-establish a new league, limiting the number of foreign players to 3 at any given time during the game, and using the ranking system as the first method to choose the champion of that season. After that City Bowl League added a set number of play-off games amongst the top teams culminating in the City Bowl Final. During the past 3 finals, there has been always a new champion. The City Bowl Teams play in average 6 to 7 games during their regular season, starting in April until October, after that the top teams go into a playoff bracket based in their rankings and the final takes place at the end of the year. Similar to the CNFL, the City Bowl is a non-professional league and the teams do not pay their players or coaching staff. 目前城市碗仍然是中国规模最大、分布最广的联赛，在2018赛季初，城市碗拥有33支球队。2个成年联赛的主要区别在于，城市碗采用了类似于NCAA的排名方式，根据球队的赛程实力进行排名。这些赛程安排是在每年年初由所有队长和总经理共同制定和协调的。 2015年，原本参加CNFL的部分球队决定重新建立一个新的联赛，在比赛中任何时候都将外籍球员的人数限制在3人以内，并以排名制作为该赛季冠军的第一评选方式。此后城市杯联赛在顶尖球队之间增加了一定数量的季后赛，最终形成城市杯决赛。在过去的3次总决赛中，总有新的冠军产生。 城市碗球队在常规赛期间平均要打6到7场比赛，从4月开始一直到10月，之后，排名靠前的球队根据他们的排名进入季后赛组，决赛在年底举行。 与CNFL类似，城市碗也是一个非职业联赛，球队不给球员和教练员发工资。 </div> </div> ==== CUAFL - 中国大学生美式橄榄球联盟 ==== <div group> <div half column> {{ :asc:cuafl-logo.jpg?nolink&150 | The logo of CUAFL}} {{:site:weibo.png?nolink&20|}} [[https://weibo.com/cuafl | @CUAFL大学生美式橄榄球联盟]] |^ 年份\\ Year ^ 赛季冠军\\ Season champion ^ ^ 2014-15 | {{ :asc:sjtu.jpg?50 | The logo of SJTU Lions}} | 交大雄狮\\ SJTU Lions | ^ ::: | ::: | 上海交通大学\\ Shanghai Jiaotong University | ^ 2015-16 | {{ :asc:sjtu.jpg?50 | The logo of SJTU Lions}} | 交大雄狮\\ SJTU Lions | ^ ::: | ::: | 上海交通大学\\ Shanghai Jiaotong University | ^ 2016-17 | {{ :asc:sit.jpg?50 | The logo of SIT Aurora}} | 应技大极光\\ SIT Aurora | ^ ::: | ::: | 上海应用技术大学\\ Shanghai Institute of Technology | ^ 2017-18 | {{ :asc:sit.jpg?50 | The logo of SIT Aurora}} | 应技大极光\\ SIT Aurora | ^ ::: | ::: | 上海应用技术大学\\ Shanghai Institute of Technology | ^ 2018-19 | {{ :asc:sit.jpg?50 | The logo of SIT Aurora}} | 应技大极光\\ SIT Aurora | ^ ::: | ::: | 上海应用技术大学\\ Shanghai Institute of Technology | </div> <div half column> The CUAFL started as the “Big 4” in 2013, as a tournament organized by Shanghai Jiaotong University (Lions), Fudan University (Dragoons), Shanghai University (Bombers), and Tongji University (Strikers). During the 1st versions of the tournament, these 4 teams had a head to head competition and the winner was based in W-L record. After 2013 season the CUAFL was launched as a 1-year tournament that follows the Chinese school calendar, having their regular-season games during autumn, winter, and early spring, and the final decision before summer vacations. The CUAFL has grown from 4 to 10 active teams in their last season, with each team having an average of 6 games plus 3 more games to reach the final. While there have been 15 teams that played in the CUAFL, some teams have not continued participating and others decided to play in other leagues. The CUAFL follows a slightly modified version of the NCAA rule book, with one of the main additions being that they have a limit of 3 foreign players on the field during a game, and a max of 8 foreign players registered during each semester. It’s worthy to note that while the CUAFL is the main league for college teams at this time, there are other organizations that sporadically have held tournaments between “in-house” college teams, such as the AFU (American Football Union) that only allow Chinese players to participate in these competitions. CUAFL始于2013年，是由上海交通大学（雄狮队）、复旦大学（龙骑兵队）、上海大学（爆破者队）和同济大学（突袭者）共同举办的“Big 4”。第一届赛事期间，这4支球队进行了正面交锋，并以战绩为胜负。2013年赛季结束后，CUAFL开始了为期一年的赛事，按照中国学校的校历，在秋、冬、春三季进行常规赛，并在暑假前进行决赛。 在上个赛季，CUAFL从4支球队发展到10支球队，每支球队平均有6场比赛加上3场比赛进入决赛。虽然已经有15支球队参加了CUAFL，但有些球队没有继续参加，还有一些球队决定参加其他联赛。 CUAFL遵循的是NCAA规则书的略微修改版，主要增加的内容之一是他们在一场比赛中限制3名外籍球员上场，每学期最多注册8名外籍球员。 值得注意的是，虽然CUAFL是目前高校球队的主要联赛，但也有其他组织零星举办过 "内部 "高校球队之间的比赛，比如AFU（美国足球联盟）只允许中国球员参加这些比赛。 </div> </div> ==== Z league - 终极美式橄榄球联盟 ==== <div group> <div half column> {{ :asc:zleague-logo.jpg?150 | The logo of Z league}} </div> <div half column> Z League is one of the high-level adult amateur leagues in China, currently consisting of four teams. In 2020, Shanghai Warriors, Shanghai Nighthawks, and Wuhan Berserkers, three teams that have won championships in other national leagues, as well as the Shanghai Storm, newly formed by the Wuhan coach, will create the Z League to create a more professional and competitive league atmosphere. In the same year, the league received support from the Shanghai Rugby Association and became the first adult full-gear league in China to be endorsed by an official association. 终极美式橄榄球联盟（Z League）是国内高水平成人业余联赛之一，目前共有4支球队。 2020年，上海勇士、上海夜鹰、武汉巴萨卡三支曾经在其他全国联赛中夺冠的球队，以及由武汉教练新组建的上海风暴，共同创立Z League，旨在创建更专业、更具有竞争性的联赛氛围。同年联盟得到上海市橄榄球协会的支持，也成为国内首个由官方协会背书的成人全装备联赛。[(//终极美式橄榄球联盟（Z League）//. (n.d.). ChinaBlitz. [[https://www.chinablitz100.com/zleagueintro/]])] </div> </div> ==== Footnotes - 脚注 ==== ~~REFNOTES~~ ==== Extended reading - 衍生阅读 === * [[http://www.lifeweek.com.cn/2014/0513/44468.shtml | 三联生活周刊：重庆“码头工”：橄榄球的痴狂]]（中文） asc/china-s-american-football-leagues 最后更改: 2020/08/21 07:45由 dunbar